Answer To 2022-2023 Honors Chem328 Review HW For Bonding And Molecular Geometry Test

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Answers to 2022-2023 Honors Chem328 Review HW for Bonding and Molecular Geometry Test

1) After bonding (moving valence electron, ve^-), all atoms want 8ve^- around it except H - 2ve^-, Be - 4ve^-, B - 6ve^- and element with 3rd energy level or greater can exceed 8ve^-.

2a) i) Cations of the metal element and ii) "sea of free flowing ve^- (delocalized ve^-)

2b) Will discuss

3a) ions (charged atom or atoms that have lost or gained ve^-

3b) Metals - cations

3c) non-metal, gains ve^-, anion

3d) ΔEN >= 1.8

3e) The number of each ion needed so the total negative charge equals total positive charge

3f) Will discuss

4a) share, covalent bond, molecule (also polyatomic ions)

4b) ΔEN < 1.8

4c) Subscript is the number of each type of atom that are sharing their ve^-

4d) Will discuss

4e) Polyatomic ions. It is different from molecular compounds because the polyatomic ion atoms need more or less ve^- to follow the Rule of Eight.

5a) Number of shared ve^-

5b) SB, DB, TB

5c) TB, DB, SB

6a) Ca - 1.0 , Br - 2.8, ΔEN = 2.8-1.0 = 1.8, Ionic bond (IC or ions)
6b) N - 3.0 , O - 3.5, ΔEN = 3.5-3.0 = 0.5, Covalent bond
6c) Cr , Ag Two metals so Metallic bond (don't use EN)

Part II

a) C₁Cl₄, 32ve^-

C is central atom, 0LP
4 single bonds

b) PO₃^3-, 26ve^-

P is central atom, 1LP
3 single bonds

c) NO₃^1-, 24ve^-

N is central atom, 0LP
2 single bonds, 1 double bonds

d) S₁Br₆, 48ve^-

S is central atom, 0LP
6 single bonds

Part III

a) Tetrasulfur nonachloride

b) S₁O₃

c) Nitrogen dioxide

d) F₅Cl₁

e) H₁Cl₁O₃

Part IV (Answers to LDS are above)

a) C₁Cl₄

Tetrahedral, 109.5°

b) PO₃^3-

Pyramidal, 107.0°

c) NO₃^1-

Trigonal planar, 120°

d) S₁Br₆

Octahedral, 90°, 90°