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Buffer solutions are Weak acids or bases, which when adding acids or bases, change from or to the conjugates, eliminating the strong ions, making it require a lot more additional solutes to raise/lower the pH.
NaC2H3O2? → Na+ + C2H3O2-
HC2H3O2 ↔ H+ and C2H3O2-
With excess H+, the protons are added as such, to the solution.
H+ + C2H3O2- → (miniscule ← ) HC2H3O2