ApchemWiki | RecentChanges | Preferences
Showing revision 13
Hybridization
1st year Rules for Determining Hybridization (Always on Central Atom only)
1.Count the number of outside atoms that central atom is bonding with.
2.Count the number of lone pairs on central atom
3.Add together to get number.
4.This number is number of Hybridized orbital
Example CH4
Central atom is bonded to 4 outside atoms and no lone pair so hybridization is sp3 where there are 4 of them.
Correct Explanation: Will use Some Organic Chemistry to explain
OVERALL RULE : # OF ATOMIC ORBITALS IN = # OF HYBRIDIZED ORBITALS OUT
We will explain hybridization in more detail via the major families of Hydrocarbons (cpds with just C and H combining)
Alkanes
Bonding / hybridization:
General Chemical Formula:
Shape of Molecule
Name compounds by finding longest carbon chain (C bonded to C bonded to C, etc) via the prefixes found in [Prefixes for Hydrocarbons] and adding the ending -ane.
Example: CH3CH2CH3, 3 C on the backbone, prefix name is prop- so since it is an Alkane you add -ane to end of prefix to get propane.
Alkenes
Bonding / hybridization:
General Chemical Formula:
Shape of Molecule
sigma bond
double bond
Multiple Bonds need atomic p orbitals for Pi bonds
Alkanes
Bonding / hybridization:
General Chemical Formula:
Shape of Molecule