ElectricCharges

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There are two types of charge: positive and negative. Electrically neutral objects have an equal amount of positive and negative charges. When materials are rubbed or pressed together then separated, an electic charge is transferred from one material to the other. One material acquires an excess positive charge and the other acquires an excessive negative charge.

Like charges repel one another and opposite charges attract. Electrostatic force is the force of the attraction or repulsion that exists between two electrically charged objects. The greater the excess charge on an object, the greater the electrostatic force. When two objects with equla amounts of charge are brought together their charges cancel, but a net charge is neither created nor destroyed.

Work must be done on a charged body in order to bring it toward another body with the same charge. Work must also be done to separate two bodies of opposite charge. Electrical energy is the energy required to move charged bodies against electrostatic force.

Two metal objects with equal and oppostie charges can be connected by a wire to cause a flow of charge until equilibrium is reached and neither metal object has a net charge. An electric current is the flow of charged particles, usually between two or more bodies. Electrical conductors are substances through which electric charge/current flows. All metals and some solutions are electric conductors, but some are better conductors than others.


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Last edited May 24, 2003 3:59 pm (diff)
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