TypesOfMatter

1. elements
2. compounds
3. mixtures

Any sample of either an element or a compound has the same properties as any other sample of the same element or compound

• A substance is a kind of matter, all samples of which have the same properties, or characteristics (these are explained later)

Element

1. a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical change

1. a substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined
2. can be broken down by a chemical change
3. the elements making up a compound are combined in a definite proportion by mass (ratios)
4. the chemical and physical properties of a compound differ from those of its constituents
5. compounds can be formed and broken down into simpler substances by chemical change

1. consists of two or more substances, each of which retains individual properties
2. can be formed when:
   1. an element is mixed with one or more other elements
   2. a compound is mixed with one or more other compounds
   3. one or more elements are mixed with one or more compounds
3. a mixture retains the properties of each of its constituents (this characteristic helps to separate a mixture into its constituents)
4. the composition of a mixture can vary widely and is not fixed as in an element or compound
5. mixtures are either heterogeneous (a sample of matter with different compositions) or homogeneous (same throughout but can be different for different samples)

Examples

• Elements- everything on the Periodic Table, so oxygen, silver, nitrogen
• Compounds- sugar, water
• Mixtures- Kool - Aid is homogeneous, while chocolate swirl ice cream is heterogeneous