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Definition of Thermodynamic
Three Laws of Thermodynamics (Thermo)
- 1st Law of Thermo, Conservation of Energy
- Many ways of talking Energy, Two types, Kinetic energy (KE) and Potential energy (PE)
- For AP student, deltaE = w + q where deltaE = internal energy, w - work, and q = heat
- 2nd Law Thermo (not true definition but ours), Explains how energy moves.
- Simple Explanation comes in 2 parts:
- 1) Energy flows from a higher temperature body to a lower temperature body until the temperatures are the same.
- 2) When energy moves (especially from one form of energy to another), you "lose a little" of it.
- Need to define Temperature - average Kinetic energy (KE) of all the particles in a substance
- 3rd Law of Thermo, Condition of No Energy
- Absolute zero is the condition of no energy that requires 0K (0 Kelvin temperature, no movement or KE of particles) and a perfect crystal.
- Can't reach absolute zero, so all substances or systems have energy.
Note: You can not measure or quantify how much energy a system or substance unless it is flowing.
- For Chemical Reaction, there are 3 questions always asked:
- 1) Does reaction occur?
- 2) How fast does reaction go (rate of making products)
- 3) How or by what mechanics do the reactants become product
- Thermodynamics only answers 1st Question, Does reaction occur or not.