4) distance the electron is way from nucleus = the energy that the electron has.
5) Def Ground state - all electrons located in the lowest energy level available.
6) NOT, at least one electron is in a higher energy level than is available.
7a) Absorb energy (specific packette size).
7b) An electron is "promoted" up to a higher energy level (requires a specific packette of energy).
8&9) The electron in the higher energy level "falls" back down to the original lower energy level. The electron releases the energy (exactly the amount the atom absorbed) into the Universe. Atom is back in the Ground state (because all electrons are back in the lowest energy level available.
10a) Quantum model (part of Quantum Mechanics)
10b) Orbitals